Pandas Profiling Report

Overview
Reproduction

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	8
Number of observations	500
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	31.4 KiB
Average record size in memory	64.3 B

Variable types

NUM	7
BOOL	1

Reproduction

Analysis started	2020-10-22 22:21:10.705092
Analysis finished	2020-10-22 22:21:38.721472
Version	pandas-profiling v2.5.0
Command line	`pandas_profiling --config_file config.yaml [YOUR_FILE.csv]`
Download configuration	config.yaml

GRE Score
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	49
Unique (%)	9.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	316.472
Minimum	290
Maximum	340
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	290
5-th percentile	298
Q1	308
median	317
Q3	325
95-th percentile	335
Maximum	340
Range	50
Interquartile range (IQR)	17

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	11.29514837
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.03569083007
Kurtosis	-0.7110644626
Mean	316.472
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	9.360224
Skewness	-0.03984185809
Sum	158236
Variance	127.5803768

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[290. 294.5 310.5 327.5 340. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
312	24	4.8%
324	23	4.6%
316	18	3.6%
321	17	3.4%
322	17	3.4%
327	17	3.4%
314	16	3.2%
311	16	3.2%
320	16	3.2%
317	15	3.0%
Other values (39)	321	64.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
290	2	0.4%
293	1	0.2%
294	2	0.4%
295	5	1.0%
296	5	1.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
340	9	1.8%
339	3	0.6%
338	4	0.8%
337	2	0.4%
336	5	1.0%

TOEFL Score
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	29
Unique (%)	5.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	107.192
Minimum	92
Maximum	120
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	92
5-th percentile	98
Q1	103
median	107
Q3	112
95-th percentile	118
Maximum	120
Range	28
Interquartile range (IQR)	9

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	6.08186766
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.05673807429
Kurtosis	-0.6532454042
Mean	107.192
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	5.054592
Skewness	0.09560097236
Sum	53596
Variance	36.98911423

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[ 92. 95.5 98.5 113.5 120. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
110	44	8.8%
105	37	7.4%
104	29	5.8%
112	28	5.6%
107	28	5.6%
106	28	5.6%
103	25	5.0%
102	24	4.8%
100	24	4.8%
99	23	4.6%
Other values (19)	210	42.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
92	1	0.2%
93	2	0.4%
94	2	0.4%
95	3	0.6%
96	6	1.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
120	9	1.8%
119	10	2.0%
118	10	2.0%
117	8	1.6%
116	16	3.2%

University Rating
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	5
Unique (%)	1.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.114
Minimum	1
Maximum	5
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1
Q1	2
median	3
Q3	4
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	5
Range	4
Interquartile range (IQR)	2

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.143511801
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3672163779
Kurtosis	-0.8100796635
Mean	3.114
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.922832
Skewness	0.09029498313
Sum	1557
Variance	1.307619238

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[1. 1.5 5. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	162	32.4%
2	126	25.2%
4	105	21.0%
5	73	14.6%
1	34	6.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	34	6.8%
2	126	25.2%
3	162	32.4%
4	105	21.0%
5	73	14.6%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5	73	14.6%
4	105	21.0%
3	162	32.4%
2	126	25.2%
1	34	6.8%

SOP
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	9
Unique (%)	1.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.374
Minimum	1
Maximum	5
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	1.5
Q1	2.5
median	3.5
Q3	4
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	5
Range	4
Interquartile range (IQR)	1.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.9910036208
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2937177299
Kurtosis	-0.7057169536
Mean	3.374
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.824128
Skewness	-0.2289723963
Sum	1687
Variance	0.9820881764

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[1. 1.75 2.25 5. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
4	89	17.8%
3.5	88	17.6%
3	80	16.0%
2.5	64	12.8%
4.5	63	12.6%
2	43	8.6%
5	42	8.4%
1.5	25	5.0%
1	6	1.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	6	1.2%
1.5	25	5.0%
2	43	8.6%
2.5	64	12.8%
3	80	16.0%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5	42	8.4%
4.5	63	12.6%
4	89	17.8%
3.5	88	17.6%
3	80	16.0%

LOR
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	9
Unique (%)	1.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.484
Minimum	1
Maximum	5
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	2
Q1	3
median	3.5
Q3	4
95-th percentile	5
Maximum	5
Range	4
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.9254495739
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2656284655
Kurtosis	-0.7457485106
Mean	3.484
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.758752
Skewness	-0.1452903146
Sum	1742
Variance	0.8564569138

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[1. 1.75 2.75 5. ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	99	19.8%
4	94	18.8%
3.5	86	17.2%
4.5	63	12.6%
5	50	10.0%
2.5	50	10.0%
2	46	9.2%
1.5	11	2.2%
1	1	0.2%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1	0.2%
1.5	11	2.2%
2	46	9.2%
2.5	50	10.0%
3	99	19.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5	50	10.0%
4.5	63	12.6%
4	94	18.8%
3.5	86	17.2%
3	99	19.8%

CGPA
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	184
Unique (%)	36.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	8.57644
Minimum	6.8
Maximum	9.92
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	6.8
5-th percentile	7.638
Q1	8.1275
median	8.56
Q3	9.04
95-th percentile	9.6
Maximum	9.92
Range	3.12
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.9125

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.6048128003
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.07052026253
Kurtosis	-0.5612783981
Mean	8.57644
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.4982488
Skewness	-0.02661251732
Sum	4288.22
Variance	0.3657985234

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[6.8 7.205 7.62 7.685 7.85 9.265 9.92 ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
8	9	1.8%
8.76	9	1.8%
8.54	7	1.4%
8.45	7	1.4%
8.56	7	1.4%
8.12	7	1.4%
7.88	6	1.2%
8.64	6	1.2%
8.66	6	1.2%
9.11	6	1.2%
Other values (174)	430	86.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
6.8	1	0.2%
7.2	1	0.2%
7.21	1	0.2%
7.23	1	0.2%
7.25	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.92	1	0.2%
9.91	1	0.2%
9.87	2	0.4%
9.86	1	0.2%
9.82	1	0.2%

Research
Boolean

Distinct count	2
Unique (%)	0.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.0 KiB

1	280
0	220

Frequency Table

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	280	56.0%
0	220	44.0%

Chance of Admit
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct count	61
Unique (%)	12.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.72174
Minimum	0.34
Maximum	0.97
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	4.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.34
5-th percentile	0.47
Q1	0.63
median	0.72
Q3	0.82
95-th percentile	0.94
Maximum	0.97
Range	0.63
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.19

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.141140404
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1955557458
Kurtosis	-0.4546817998
Mean	0.72174
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.11391392
Skewness	-0.28996621
Sum	360.87
Variance	0.01992061363

Histogram
Dynamic Histogram

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Histogram with variable size bins (bins=[0.34 0.435 0.605 0.805 0.97 ], "bayesian blocks" binning strategy used)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.71	23	4.6%
0.64	19	3.8%
0.73	18	3.6%
0.72	16	3.2%
0.79	16	3.2%
0.78	15	3.0%
0.76	14	2.8%
0.8	13	2.6%
0.7	13	2.6%
0.94	13	2.6%
Other values (51)	340	68.0%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.34	2	0.4%
0.36	2	0.4%
0.37	1	0.2%
0.38	2	0.4%
0.39	1	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.97	4	0.8%
0.96	8	1.6%
0.95	5	1.0%
0.94	13	2.6%
0.93	12	2.4%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Count
Matrix

First rows

	GRE Score	TOEFL Score	University Rating	SOP	LOR	CGPA	Research	Chance of Admit
0	337	118	4	4.5	4.5	9.65	1	0.92
1	324	107	4	4.0	4.5	8.87	1	0.76
2	316	104	3	3.0	3.5	8.00	1	0.72
3	322	110	3	3.5	2.5	8.67	1	0.80
4	314	103	2	2.0	3.0	8.21	0	0.65
5	330	115	5	4.5	3.0	9.34	1	0.90
6	321	109	3	3.0	4.0	8.20	1	0.75
7	308	101	2	3.0	4.0	7.90	0	0.68
8	302	102	1	2.0	1.5	8.00	0	0.50
9	323	108	3	3.5	3.0	8.60	0	0.45

Last rows

	GRE Score	TOEFL Score	University Rating	SOP	LOR	CGPA	Research	Chance of Admit
490	307	105	2	2.5	4.5	8.12	1	0.67
491	297	99	4	3.0	3.5	7.81	0	0.54
492	298	101	4	2.5	4.5	7.69	1	0.53
493	300	95	2	3.0	1.5	8.22	1	0.62
494	301	99	3	2.5	2.0	8.45	1	0.68
495	332	108	5	4.5	4.0	9.02	1	0.87
496	337	117	5	5.0	5.0	9.87	1	0.96
497	330	120	5	4.5	5.0	9.56	1	0.93
498	312	103	4	4.0	5.0	8.43	0	0.73
499	327	113	4	4.5	4.5	9.04	0	0.84

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows